Australian timber industry news

Forest products professionals in the Nordic region are being squeezed by high raw material costs and evolving environmental regulations that have immediate and long-term implications. Source: ResourceWise Over the past year, domestic softwood pulplog prices rose in Norway by 25%, in Finland by 15% and in Sweden by 11%. These cost increases are occurring alongside early signs of pulp production slowdowns in some areas. While the reasons vary by market, many producers are closely watching both supply conditions and regulatory developments that could influence fibre availability going forward. Two key policy developments from the European Union are adding complexity to long-term forest planning. The Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) regulation aims to improve carbon sequestration through forest management — a goal that may prove difficult to meet without changes to current harvesting levels in Sweden and Finland. In addition, the EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), which goes into effect this December, is expected to reshape sourcing practices for timber and other forest-based materials. These regulations introduce new factors for forest owners and wood-using industries to consider as they plan future harvests and investments. A report from ResourceWise provides a more detailed overview of current pulpwood price developments, regional differences across Finland, Sweden, and Norway, and how producers are responding to emerging challenges. It also highlights the potential impact of EU climate legislation on harvesting activity and forest management strategies in the Nordic region. More information at https://www.resourcewise.com/

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According to a new global study published in Global Change Biology, lightning directly kills approximately 320 million trees each year — a number that rivals other major causes of forest disturbance but has gone largely unrecognized. Source: ScienceBlog These deaths release an estimated 0.21–0.30 gigatons of carbon annually, underscoring lightning’s surprising role in shaping forest structure and the global carbon cycle. While lightning has long been associated with wildfires, its direct impact on tree mortality has rarely been quantified. To address this gap, researchers led by Andreas Krause at the Technical University of Munich integrated lightning mortality into a dynamic global vegetation model known as LPJ-GUESS. Their approach used detailed field data from Barro Colorado Island in Panama, where each lightning strike was found to kill about 3.2 trees, often through lethal flashovers that affect neighbouring trees up to 45 meters away. By scaling these observations with global lightning density maps from satellite and ground-based sensors, the model simulated lightning’s effects across tropical and temperate forests worldwide. Simulations revealed that: 301–340 million trees (>10 cm diameter) are killed annually by lightning 24–36 million of these are large trees (>60 cm diameter) Lightning causes 0.21–0.30 GtC of dead biomass annually Most of this mortality occurs in tropical Africa, where both lightning density and the prevalence of tall, vulnerable trees are high. However, the study also found that as climate change intensifies thunderstorms, lightning-induced tree deaths could increase in temperate and boreal forests. “Most climate models project an increase in lightning frequency in the coming decades, so it’s worth paying closer attention to this largely overlooked disturbance,” Krause noted in the press release. Until now, ecosystem models have accounted for lightning only as a fire ignition source — not as a direct cause of tree death. That omission, the researchers argue, likely underestimates forest turnover and distorts projections of carbon storage under future climate scenarios. Interestingly, LPJ-GUESS underestimated lightning mortality in some sites like the Amazon and US pine forests but performed well in Panama, thanks in part to the model’s design: lightning was assumed to strike the tallest tree cohorts, mimicking real-world behaviour. Deviations in other forests may reflect undercounted secondary effects like beetle infestation or long-delayed tree death, both common after lightning strikes. To improve accuracy, the authors call for more real-time data from forest lightning detection systems, particularly outside the tropics and closer attention to species-specific vulnerability. Trees with denser wood or lower electrical resistance, for instance, may better withstand strikes, a factor not yet fully integrated into global models.

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US Secretary of Agriculture Brooke L Rollins has announced the US Forest Service is investing US$106 million to support state and landowner efforts to conserve private working forestlands across the country. Source: Timberbiz Funded through the Forest Legacy Program, these projects will protect forests vital to the economic and social fabric of local communities – ensuring they remain productive, working forests for Americans and tourists to use and enjoy. “Just like our farms and ranches, working forests are part of the backbone of rural America – providing jobs, timber, clean water, and places for families to hunt, fish, camp, hike and make lifelong memories,” said Secretary Rollins. “For too long our forests have been left idle, only to burn and devastate communities. President Trump has made it a priority to properly manage our forests, empowering USDA and our state partners to protect and unleash the full potential of their forestlands to help their communities grow and thrive.” In total, the Forest Service will fund 10 projects across 177,000 acres of state- and privately owned forestlands in Arkansas, Hawaii, Iowa, Michigan, Mississippi, New York, Oregon and South Carolina. The investments advance President Trump’s Executive Order on Immediate Expansion of American Timber Production by safeguarding forests that supply critical wood products and outdoor recreation opportunities, both of which fuel rural prosperity by creating jobs and supporting rural economies. The Forest Legacy Program is authorized by the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act Of 1978 and operates through voluntary partnerships with states and landowners with the goal of conserving these lands while balancing other local uses and goals. Projects are selected through competitive state and national processes and carried out through conservation easements or fee-simple acquisitions. Lands conserved through the program either remain in private ownership with long-term protections or become new public lands managed by state or local governments. Privately owned forests represent 60% of the nation’s 704 million forested acres. These lands are essential to the social, economic, cultural, and ecological fabric of local communities and play a critical role in national timber production, supplying 88% of all domestic timber. To date, the Forest Legacy Program has conserved more than 3.1 million acres of forestland nationwide.  

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Gisborne District Council in New Zealand has lodged its formal submissions on the Government’s proposed changes to national resource management direction, encouraging Ministers to ensure reforms are responsive to the distinctive environmental, cultural and economic context of Te Tairāwhiti. Source: Timberbiz Director of Sustainable Futures, Jocelyne Allen, says while Council supports the Government’s intent to improve planning efficiency and unlock development opportunities, the proposed national direction packages require refinement to avoid unintended consequences and to reflect the lived realities of regions. “Our communities understand that change is needed, but that change must be considered, enduring and rooted in place-based understanding,” Ms Allen said. “We need to strike a balance between enablement and environmental protection, and between national consistency and local discretion. The future of Te Tairāwhiti depends on regulation that recognises local risks, empowers regional decision-making and honours our unique Treaty relationships.” Council’s submissions respond to all three reform packages and outline the following key positions: Strong concern regarding proposed changes to commercial forestry regulations, which could lower environmental performance thresholds and restrict councils’ ability to manage erosion-prone hill country and mitigate sediment and slash risks. Strong support for Māori-led development, including papakāinga housing and renewable energy initiatives, provided that national direction offers practical definitions and workable consenting pathways. A strong call to retain the Te Mana o te Wai framework within freshwater regulation, recognising the vital role of tangata whenua and councils in setting catchment-based priorities. Support for rural infrastructure, water security, and housing investment, provided it is accompanied by clear environmental safeguards and community engagement mechanisms. Advocacy for local discretion in managing land use in hazard-prone areas and sensitive receiving environments, recognising the lessons learned from extreme weather events. “The potential risks of poorly calibrated regulation aren’t imagined, we’ve experienced them firsthand,” Ms Allen said. “Cyclone Gabrielle reinforced how essential it is that regulation reflects the physical landscape and community realities. We cannot afford to repeat the past by embedding vulnerability into national direction.” Council also notes that several proposals introduce additional responsibilities for monitoring, compliance, and mapping, and has suggested more certain resourcing and cost-recovery provisions to support implementation. “Council sees a critical opportunity for the Government to embed stronger cost-recovery mechanisms into national direction. As regulatory responsibilities deepen, so too must the resourcing framework, to ensure communities receive the level of service, environmental protection, and infrastructure oversight they deserve,” Ms Allen said. The Council says it remains committed to working constructively with central government to help shape a future-focused, resilient, and equitable resource management system. “The Government has the opportunity to design a system that works not just in principle, but in practice, one that Council welcomes and is committed to contributing to.”

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For decades, the industry has leaned toward a particular kind of beauty in timber — clean, consistent, controlled. Somewhere along the way, we started asking wood to behave like plastic: predictable, polished, and repeatable. But real timber doesn’t work like that. And that’s exactly why it’s worth choosing. Sources: Timberbiz, Crafted Hardwoods We don’t need another material that looks like everything else. We need materials that feel real. That carry weight. That tell a story. Timber isn’t beautiful in spite of its character. It’s beautiful because of it. Those veins, knots and tonal shifts aren’t defects; they’re evidence. Of growth. Of seasons. Of something alive. Designers love character. Texture. Uniqueness. But when it comes to timber, despite the industry’s appetite for individuality, the spec sheet often defaults to Select. But the pursuit of perfection doesn’t come cheap. When Select becomes the gold standard, anything that falls outside that narrow visual ideal gets sidelined as inferior. That creates real consequences — especially in Australia. It limits how much of our timber can be used in premium applications, drives up costs, and adds unnecessary complexity to sourcing and processing. And it reinforces an aesthetic that doesn’t reflect the diversity of our native forests or the future of sustainable design. In parts of the world like North America or Russia, where timber comes from vast, even-aged forests, uniformity is easier to achieve. But Australian hardwoods tell a different story. Our native hardwoods are shaped by our unique climate and ecology. That means Select Grade, with its demand for visual uniformity, is genuinely rare here. And that’s not a flaw — it’s a reflection of the landscape, and an opportunity to work with materials that embody authenticity and resilience. Much of the timber used in interiors and joinery is appearance-graded — assessed purely on looks, not performance. Under AS 2796, boards are sorted into Select, Standard, or Feature Grade based on surface features like knots, veins, and colour variation. The issue? Under AS 2796, Select Grade sits at the peak — not because it’s stronger or more durable, but because it’s the cleanest. It’s timber with the least visible variation: no knots, no gum veins, no colour shifts. In other words, timber that looks the least like a tree. But here’s the thing: Select Grade doesn’t mean the most durable, sustainable, or practical choice. It’s just the one that fits a narrow visual ideal. And yet, it’s become the default “premium.” It’s what’s specified, stocked, and expected often without a second thought. But when the entire system is built around chasing visual perfection, it leaves a lot of good timber behind. Grading happens early in the supply chain usually at the mill, right after the timber is sawn. But what gets graded as “valuable” is shaped much further down the line. Specifiers might be downstream of grading, but their preferences influence what’s considered valuable upstream. If Select is always in demand, mills will push to meet that spec, even if it means discarding usable material. The reality? Only a small fraction of milled hardwood meets the strict visual criteria for Select. In prioritising visual purity, we’ve created a system that undervalues the vast majority of what our forests can actually provide. Grading expectations don’t exist in a vacuum. They’re shaped by local species and forestry practices. In regions like the US, Canada, or Russia, large, even-aged forests, often dominated by softwoods, make it easier to achieve visual uniformity and produce high volumes of Select Grade timber. Australia tells a different story. Our native hardwoods grow slowly, develop dense grain, and naturally show more variation. As a result, Select Grade timber — especially at scale — is genuinely scarce here. So, if you’re specifying Select in an Australian hardwood species, just know: you’re asking for the rarest slice of the log. Not stronger, not more durable — just smoother looking, and a whole lot harder to come by. It’s easy to point to the grading system as the issue. But standards don’t exist in a vacuum — they respond to what the market demands. The way timber is graded, processed, sold, and specified is deeply interconnected. And when it comes to appearance-grade hardwoods, our Standard reflects long-held assumptions about what timber should look like. But those assumptions didn’t appear out of nowhere. They’ve been shaped over decades by consumer preferences, commercial pressures, and imported ideals often from places where Select Grade is more easily sourced due to different species or forestry practices. Australia isn’t geared for large-scale Select Grade production. Yet the pressure to meet the aesthetic persists — to the point where Select Grade material must be imported to satisfy expectations, rather than drawing on the unique material we already have. If the standard isn’t serving our forests or our future maybe it’s time to ask: who is it serving?  Change doesn’t start in the forest. It starts in the spec. Not because specifiers caused the problem, but because they hold so much potential to shift it. Every material choice sends a message upstream: to mills, processors, and even forest managers. When Select is the only grade requested, the entire system adapts to deliver it — often at the expense of yield, efficiency, and the natural character of Australian timber. But the tide is turning. We’re seeing a quiet but powerful shift in how visual grading is understood. FWPA’s G02 Standard for Recycled Timber, for example, embraces the idea that natural variation is not a flaw but a feature. While it’s not a replacement for AS 2796 and applies specifically to recycled timber, it’s an important signal: there’s appetite for more realistic, inclusive frameworks that better reflect the diversity of our local hardwoods. By specifying differently — and daring to value the character others overlook — designers and builders have the power to reshape what’s considered “premium.” It’s not about compromise. It’s about rethinking the rules and making room for materials that reflect the real beauty of our forests. If you specify timber, you […]

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Responsible Wood recently participated in the World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE), with the global event providing an ideal platform to highlight the credibility of Australian-certified timber and showcase the people and processes bringing those standards to life. Source: Timberbiz Held in Brisbane with members of the Responsible Wood team and the board in attendance, WCTE provided a unique opportunity to speak directly with engineers, architects, researchers, and other domestic and international specifiers and decision-makers about the importance of third-party certification in meeting climate, compliance, and procurement goals. Responsible Wood’s presence reinforced the value of Australia’s PEFC-endorsed system and its alignment with global best practice, with both CEO Simon Dorries and Sustainability Manager Matt de Jongh presenting at the event. Advancing Sustainable Timber Management: The Role of Responsible Wood Certification was Mr de Jongh’s presentation that focused on the transformative potential of Responsible Wood certification in promoting sustainable forest management within the timber industry. By adhering to globally recognised standards, Responsible Wood ensures that forest products positively impact both the environment and society. Aligning with Mr de Jongh’s earlier session, Mr Dorries presented on the marketing of timber design and construction, outlining systems for verifying sustainable management and origin of timber products and introducing project certification, where a verified sustainability claim can be made on the timber elements of a completed project. These approaches combine to support unimpeded marketing of and greater confidence in sustainably sourced timber as a building material. His presentation also included an update on recent developments to ensure compliance with the EU Deforestation Regulation. Together, the presentations helped underline the importance of robust, transparent certification in delivering real-world impact: not just for forest managers and product manufacturers, but for designers, builders, and policymakers working toward low-carbon, responsibly sourced outcomes. The event also gave opportunity for the Responsible Wood Board to come together, meeting to discuss key priorities while taking inspiration from the global perspectives being shared across the five days. Conversations throughout the event helped reinforce that certification provides credible, independently verified assurance that timber products meet sustainability and responsible sourcing expectations – building trust with specifiers, procurement teams, and end-users. It was also an opportunity to showcase the outstanding work being done by certification holders and providers. In meeting rigorous standards, these organisations and operators are helping further enhance the credibility of Australian certified products, and the trust with which end users can approach locally grown or endorsed forest products.

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After months of collaboration and input from forest owners, contractors and forest industry leaders, the revised Forestry Approved Code of Practice (ACOP) will be formally launched on Tuesday 26 August in Palmerston North. Source: Timberbiz The new ACOP has been significantly updated from the 2012 version to align with the Health and Safety at Work Act (HSWA), shifting from a prescriptive rule-based format to a risk-based approach. It also clarifies how safety responsibilities are shared across the sector using familiar Person Conducting a Business or Undertaking (PCBU) concepts. The launch event, a Spotlight on Safety, can be attended by anyonein the forest growing industry; especially contractors, forest owners and managers and industry stakeholders involved in safety, training and operational leadership. Forest owners are also encouraged to invite their harvesting and silviculture crews. The ACOP launch marks an important milestone in forestry’s health and safety journey. Input from those working on the ground and dealing with these challenges every day will be vital for its success. What to expect: Official launch of the revised Forestry Approved Code of Practice (ACOP) – 3pm Keynote address from Minister for Workplace Relations and Safety, Hon. Brooke van Velden Launch of the new Best Practice Guidelines for Health and Safety in Small Forests Introduction of the concept of a Forest Industry Health & Safety Charter Networking event The event will be held on Tuesday 26 August from 3pm to 4pm at the Orlando Country Club in Newbury, Palmerston North and it will be followed by a networking event from 4pm to 6pm. You must register with the FICA to attend. The event is a collaborative effort delivered by the Forest Industry Safety Council, Forest Industry Contractors Association, the NZFOA, the New Zealand Farm Forestry Association and WorkSafe.

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Skills Insight has appointed Dugald Murray as its new Chief Executive Officer following an extensive national recruitment process. Mr Murray is a values-driven CEO with more than 20 years’ experience in strategic leadership, governance and stakeholder engagement. Source: Timberbiz Mr Murray has led complex, government-funded and industry-led organisations, with a passion for shaping systems that support workers and industry. He will formally commence in the role of CEO on 7 October 2025. Mr Murray’s background spans senior roles including CEO of the Victorian TAFE Association; Director, Strategic Advice and Collaboration at the Victorian Skills Authority; Executive Director at the Victorian Chamber of Commerce and Industry; Chief of Staff to the Victorian Minister for Environment, Climate Change and Water; and Senior Advisor to the Commonwealth Attorney General and the Victorian Minister for Industry, Energy and Resources. “I’m honoured to be joining Skills Insight and to work with a group of industries that are vital to Australia’s communities, ecosystems and prosperity,” Mr Murray said. “I look forward to working closely with the Board, staff, partners and stakeholders to build on the organisation’s work in strengthening skills and training outcomes that benefit industry, and all stakeholders in and around the VET sector.” Mr Murray succeeds Michael Hartman, who announced his intention to step down from the CEO role in February 2025. Chair of Skills Insight’s Board, Todd Loydell said the Board is delighted to welcome Mr Murray as the new CEO. He also recognised the significant contribution Mr Hartman has made to the skills and training system over the past 24 years, serving as CEO through various iterations of the national skills system, as it evolved under different structures and priorities. “On behalf of the Board and staff at Skills Insight, I want to sincerely thank Michael for his exceptional leadership of the organisation over the years. He founded Skills Impact in 2015 and went on to lead the establishment of Skills Insight in 2022, guiding the organisation through its formative period and early achievements,” said Mr Loydell. “We are thrilled to welcome Dugald Murray to lead Skills Insight into its next chapter. His strategic leadership and experience in government and stakeholder engagement will be invaluable as we continue to support meaningful workforce development for industry.”  

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Home building materials have continued to experience only modest cost increases, up by 1.6% in the 2024/25 financial year, according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics’ Producer Price Index (PPI) series for the June quarter 2025, which covers input costs for a range of industries including mining, manufacturing and housing construction. Source: Timberbiz HIA Senior Economist Maurice Tapang said prices of home building materials had grown at a slower rate than other goods and services, as measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI). “Materials prices have been growing at an annual rate below two% for over two years now,” he said. “The cost of building materials rose rapidly due to supply chain disruptions and have eased as markets have been allowed to operate. “Despite the slowing in the cost of building materials, the cost of building a new home continues to increase.” Mr Tapang said that the average cost of a new detached house approved in Australia had increased by 4.8% in 2024/25 to $492,410. The increase reported by the ABS PPI data did not reflect the additional costs added to new home construction through additional regulatory imposts. “The relatively more rapid rise in the cost of the average value of a house approval reflects not just changes in consumer preferences, but also due to the additional costs due to the introduction of the National Construction Code 2022 and additional taxes,” Mr Tapang said. “If Australia were to address the housing affordability challenge, governments need to look at reducing the regulatory burdens they impose on new homes.” By material type, the largest price increases in 2024/25 were seen in copper pipes and fittings, up by 13.9%. This was followed by electrical cable and conduit (+8.3%), fibrous cement products (+7.5%), ready mixed concrete (+5.7%) and timber doors (+5.2%).  

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More than 70 guests including Ministers, Shadow Ministers, MPs, CEOs and industry stakeholders gathered at Parliament House in Victoria for ‘Timber in July’, a showcase of the growing importance of Victoria’s plantation and wood fibre industry to the state’s economy, housing supply and climate goals. Source: Timberbiz Hosted by the Victorian Forest Products Association, the annual event highlighted the industry’s critical role in sustainable construction, regional jobs, and advanced manufacturing, with strong bipartisan engagement across the political spectrum. Speaking at the event were both the Minister for Agriculture Ros Spence, and the Shadow Minister for Agriculture, Emma Kealy, signalling shared political support for the future of timber and wood fibre in Victoria. VFPA CEO Andrew White said the bipartisan support at the function demonstrated the growing momentum behind the industry’s efforts to address some of the state’s biggest challenges including housing shortages, climate change and regional economic development. “It’s encouraging to see genuine cross-party support for the plantation and wood fibre industry,” Mr White said. “This is an industry that’s ready to help deliver more homes, cut carbon emissions, and support advanced manufacturing jobs in Victoria—particularly in our regional communities,” he said. Mr White said the announcement by Ms Spence of funding more Trees on Farms was also a welcome step forward. The new program is offering grants of up to $80,000 for landholders to plant trees on their property – providing long term solutions including boosting shade and shelter for livestock, improving stock and crop production, offsetting carbon emissions or generating income through carbon credits. Landholders will also be able to generate additional income through timber production, including from harvested wood products or use the timber for on-farm uses such as firewood and fence posts. An additional grants program – the Trees on Farms Incubator Program – is offering planting service providers and forestry professionals up to $50,000 to support landowners who might be contemplating planting trees on their property. This service will help landowners develop tailored, implementation-ready project plans to align with their property and planting goals, while providing education, training and upskilling for tree planting and management activities. “We’re pleased to see a growing recognition of the role that farmers and agroforestry can play in supporting sustainable timber supply, improving farm productivity and delivering environmental outcomes,” Mr White said. “With the right policy settings and incentives, integrating trees into farming systems can provide a win-win for agriculture, regional communities and the environment.” At the event, guests had the opportunity to hear directly from the CEOs of Victoria’s leading plantation managers and timber manufacturers, explore engineered wood products and wood samples, and experience the latest in construction technology through VR headsets demonstrating timber-built housing. “Whether it’s new housing, bioproducts like low-carbon fuels, carbon markets or sustainable packaging, the opportunities for growth in the wood fibre sector are enormous—and today showed that Victoria’s political leaders recognise this,” Mr White said. VFPA thanked all parliamentarians for their support and acknowledged the strong attendance from both Government and Opposition members, as well as Independents and Legislative Council representatives. The event also celebrated the value of ongoing government investment in plantation expansion, fire protection, and research and development—while calling for continued collaboration to reduce regulatory barriers and enable future growth. “Timber in July is a reminder that smart policy and long-term vision can unlock major benefits for Victoria’s economy and environment,” Mr White said.  “We look forward to working with all parties to realise that vision.”

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A lot of attention has been paid to how climate change can drive biodiversity loss. Now, MIT researchers have shown the reverse is also true: Reductions in biodiversity can jeopardize one of Earth’s most powerful levers for mitigating climate change. Source: Timberbiz In a paper published in PNAS, the researchers showed that following deforestation, naturally regrowing tropical forests, with healthy populations of seed-dispersing animals, can absorb up to four times more carbon than similar forests with fewer seed-dispersing animals. Because tropical forests are currently Earth’s largest land-based carbon sink, the findings improve our understanding of a potent tool to fight climate change. “The results underscore the importance of animals in maintaining healthy, carbon-rich tropical forests,” said Evan Fricke, a research scientist in the MIT Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and the lead author of the new study. “When seed-dispersing animals decline, we risk weakening the climate-mitigating power of tropical forests.” Mr Fricke’s co-authors on the paper include César Terrer, the Tianfu Career Development Associate Professor at MIT; Charles Harvey, an MIT professor of civil and environmental engineering; and Susan Cook-Patton of The Nature Conservancy. The study combines a wide array of data on animal biodiversity, movement, and seed dispersal across thousands of animal species, along with carbon accumulation data from thousands of tropical forest sites. The researchers say the results are the clearest evidence yet that seed-dispersing animals play an important role in forests’ ability to absorb carbon, and that the findings underscore the need to address biodiversity loss and climate change as connected parts of a delicate ecosystem rather as separate problems in isolation. “It’s been clear that climate change threatens biodiversity, and now this study shows how biodiversity losses can exacerbate climate change,” Mr Fricke said. “Understanding that two-way street helps us understand the connections between these challenges, and how we can address them. These are challenges we need to tackle in tandem, and the contribution of animals to tropical forest carbon shows that there are win-wins possible when supporting biodiversity and fighting climate change at the same time.” The next time you see a video of a monkey or bird enjoying a piece of fruit, consider that the animals are actually playing an important role in their ecosystems. Research has shown that by digesting the seeds and defecating somewhere else, animals can help with the germination, growth, and long-term survival of the plant. Mr Fricke has been studying animals that disperse seeds for nearly 15 years. His previous research has shown that without animal seed dispersal, trees have lower survival rates and a harder time keeping up with environmental changes. “We’re now thinking more about the roles that animals might play in affecting the climate through seed dispersal,” Mr Fricke said. “We know that in tropical forests, where more than three-quarters of trees rely on animals for seed dispersal, the decline of seed dispersal could affect not just the biodiversity of forests, but how they bounce back from deforestation. We also know that all around the world, animal populations are declining.” Regrowing forests is an often-cited way to mitigate the effects of climate change, but the influence of biodiversity on forests’ ability to absorb carbon has not been fully quantified, especially at larger scales. For their study, the researchers combined data from thousands of separate studies and used new tools for quantifying disparate but interconnected ecological processes. After analysing data from more than 17,000 vegetation plots, the researchers decided to focus on tropical regions, looking at data on where seed-dispersing animals live, how many seeds each animal disperses, and how they affect germination. The researchers then incorporated data showing how human activity impacts different seed-dispersing animals’ presence and movement. They found, for example, that animals move less when they consume seeds in areas with a bigger human footprint. Combining all that data, the researchers created an index of seed-dispersal disruption that revealed a link between human activities and declines in animal seed dispersal. They then analysed the relationship between that index and records of carbon accumulation in naturally regrowing tropical forests over time, controlling for factors like drought conditions, the prevalence of fires, and the presence of grazing livestock. “It was a big task to bring data from thousands of field studies together into a map of the disruption of seed dispersal,” Mr Fricke said. “But it lets us go beyond just asking what animals are there to actually quantifying the ecological roles those animals are playing and understanding how human pressures affect them.” The researchers acknowledged that the quality of animal biodiversity data could be improved and introduces uncertainty into their findings. They also note that other processes, such as pollination, seed predation, and competition influence seed dispersal and can constrain forest regrowth. Still, the findings were in line with recent estimates. “What’s particularly new about this study is we’re actually getting the numbers around these effects,” Mr Fricke said. “Finding that seed dispersal disruption explains a fourfold difference in carbon absorption across the thousands of tropical regrowth sites included in the study points to seed dispersers as a major lever on tropical forest carbon.” In forests identified as potential regrowth sites, the researchers found seed-dispersal declines were linked to reductions in carbon absorption each year averaging 1.8 metric tons per hectare, equal to a reduction in regrowth of 57%. The researchers say the results show natural regrowth projects will be more impactful in landscapes where seed-dispersing animals have been less disrupted, including areas that were recently deforested, are near high-integrity forests, or have higher tree cover. “In the discussion around planting trees versus allowing trees to regrow naturally, regrowth is basically free, whereas planting trees costs money, and it also leads to less diverse forests,” Terrer said. “With these results, now we can understand where natural regrowth can happen effectively because there are animals planting the seeds for free, and we also can identify areas where, because animals are affected, natural regrowth is not going to happen, and therefore planting trees actively is necessary.” […]

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Have you ever examined timber floorboards and pondered why they look the way they do? Perhaps you admired the super-fine grain, a stunning red hue or a swirling knot, and wondered how it came to be? Source: The Conversation Or perhaps you don’t know what tree species your floorboards are made from, and how to best look after them? Finely polished floorboards reveal detail about the timber that can be much harder to detect in unpolished boards or other sawn timbers. “Reading” the knots, stubs and other characteristics of floorboards can reveal what type of tree produced it and how it grew. It can also reveal fascinating details about the lives of the trees they once were. A variety of tree species are used to make timber floors. Hardwood species include the pale cream of Tasmanian oak, the honeyed hues of spotted gum and the deep red of jarrah. Other times, softwood such as pine or spruce is used. Such species are often fast-growing and prized for their availability and affordability. Hardwoods are, by definition, flowering trees, while softwoods are from cone-bearing trees. Paradoxically, not all softwoods are soft or hardwoods hard. The balsa tree, for example, is a fast-growing hardwood tree renowned for its soft wood. It’s not always easy to tell if a floor is hardwood or softwood, but there are discernible differences in their appearance. The real differences between softwood and hardwood lie in the anatomy and structure of the “xylem tissues” that make up the wood. These tissues transported water and nutrients from the roots to the rest of the plant when the tree was alive. The arrangement of xylem tissue in the tree largely determines the “grain” in your floorboards. The grain is the appearance of wood fibres in the timber. The grain can be straight, wavy or spiralled. In floorboards with straight grains, a tree’s growth history may be clear. As a tree trunk grows in diameter, it typically produces a layer of bark on the outside and a lighter layer of xylem tissue on the inside. When a tree is cut horizontally, the growth appears as rings. In a tree cut lengthwise (which happens when floorboards are milled) the growth appears as long lines in the timber. If the lines in floorboards are very close together, this indicates the tree grew slowly. Wider lines suggest the tree grew rapidly. Vessels in a tree’s xylem transport water from the roots to the rest of the plant. Hardwood tree species tend to have large vessels. This gives hardwood floorboards a coarser-grained and less uniform appearance. In contrast, softwood species such as conifers have smaller, dispersed vessels and produce more fine-grained, smoother timber. Knots in floorboards occur when a branch dies or is cut, then tissue grows over the stub. The bigger the missing branch, the more substantial the knot. Knots in floorboards can reveal much about the source tree. Pine, for example, often features multiple small knots originating from a common point. This reflects the growth pattern of young plantation pines, where several branches grow out from the trunk at the same height from the ground. Often, the distance between knots tells us how quickly the tree grew. The greater the distance between the knots, the faster the tree grew in height. The presence of a tree’s “defence chemicals”, known as polyphenols, can be seen clearly in some floorboards. Polyphenols protect plants against stressors such as pathogens, drought and UV radiation. The chemicals contribute to the red hue in some floorboards. Because polyphenols have a preservative effect, they can also make timber more durable. Dark reddish or brown timbers containing a high concentration of polyphenols include mahogany, merbau, red gum, ironbark and conifers such as cedar and cypress. In cases where a tree is burnt by fire, or attacked by insects or fungus, it produces a lot of polyphenols at the site of the damage. In these cases, the presence of polyphenols in floorboards can be very obvious – sometimes appearing as a section that is dark brown verging on black. It’s widely known that living trees store carbon, and that this helps limit climate change. It’s less well known that timber floorboards also store carbon. And as long as that timber is preserved – and not destroyed by fire, decay or wood rot – that carbon will stay there. If floorboards have to be removed, try to make sure the timber is reused or repurposed into other products. And if you are installing a new polished timber floor, or already have one, there are steps you can take to make it last for a long time. Softwood boards will benefit from a hard surface coating, especially in high-use areas. Reducing the floor’s exposure to bright sunlight can preserve the colour of the floorboards and prolong the life of the coating and the timber itself. Large knots in floorboards can twist and start to protrude from the surface. To ensure the floor remains even and safe, and to prevent the board from splitting, secure the knot to a floor joist with a nail or glue. And take the time to understand the lessons embedded in your floorboards. They have much to teach us about biology and history, if we take the time to read them.

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Kesla has launched two new crane models the KESLA 2225 and KESLA 2228 designed specifically for loading long timber. These new models mark a significant leap forward in performance, durability, and operator-focused design for Kesla. Source: Timberbiz Replacing the previous 2124L and 2024–2028 series, the KESLA 2225 (24 tnm) and 2228 (28 tnm) are engineered for demanding timber loading operations on semi-trailers and articulated trucks. With optimized hydraulics, robust boom structures, and advanced control systems, these cranes are built to meet the evolving needs of modern forestry. KESLA 2225 is a 24 tnm loader operating at 26 MPa, with an optional high-pressure mode (28 MPa) enabled via the proC i electric control system. This unique 5-minute heavy-lift mode is ideal for lifting semi-trailers, offering extra capacity with controlled speed. KESLA 2228 is a 28 tnm powerhouse operating at 26 MPa with larger cylinders for increased lifting performance. Standard equipment includes Parker K130 valves with a 2-circuit system, while Parker L90LS valves are available as an option. These cranes are purpose-built for whole-tree harvesting sites and cut-to-length log loading, with outreach options of 8.4 m, 8.8 m, 9.8 m, and 10.2 m. Optional log heels on the main boom enhance handling of long timber and poles. The FD3850 flapdown stabilizer legs provide exceptional stability on steep slopes and mountain roads, while the three stabilizer beam variants offer flexibility for different mounting configurations. Hydraulics are internally routed. Large-diameter hydraulic lines ensure fast, efficient movements with reduced thermal load. The proC i system allows proportional joystick control and optional electric damping. Boom system is constructed from Strenx 700 steel. The booms are both lightweight and durable. A dual-layer powder coating ensures long-lasting aesthetics and corrosion resistance. Bolt-on gland designs simplify maintenance of the cylinder, while the extension system features a fast-tightening 1” 4×6 chain and easy hose replacement. The boom can be stowed over the truck cabin, achieving a compact transport height of just 785 mm. The redesigned high seat offers superior comfort with adjustable suspension, a high backrest, armrests, seat heating, and safety features including an OPS switch and seat belt. Slide rails and an adjustable backrest ensure optimal ergonomics for long shifts.  

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The FIEA program for Residues2Revenues 2025 has been launched. This event, taking place on 21-22 October 2025 in Rotorua, New Zealand, promises a deep dive into the burgeoning bioenergy sector, bringing together industry leaders, innovators, and stakeholders. Source: FIEA The 2025 program boasts an impressive lineup of speakers and sessions, designed to address the most pressing challenges and opportunities in the bioeconomy. The keynote address will be delivered by Don G Roberts, bioenergy expert & CEO of Nawitka Capital Advisors, Canada, who will speak on “Championing Transformation – Global Challenges and Opportunities in Using Forest Resource for High Value Products.” Program highlights include: Don G Roberts presentation, “Championing Transformation – Global Challenges and Opportunities in Using Forest Resource for High Value Products.” Shane Batchelor, Operations Manager at Red Stag Timber, presenting a case study on modern co-generation and sawmill energy systems. Presentations from Genesis Energy on their biomass business development and the Hon Simon Watts, New Zealands Minister of Energy, on the Government’s Woody Biomass Taskforce. A look into the future, with sessions on New Zealand’s first large-scale biomass torrefaction facility and the future availability of liquid fuels for heavy transport. Discussions on investment, policy, and the role of woody biomass in both New Zealand’s and Australia’s bioenergy future. Topics Covered Regional matters in forest biomass supply and demand Biomass resource pricing: Supplier Perspectives Wood energy market options: Buyers Options Key drivers for forest resources for energy Wood chipping and grinding innovations Residues recovery and logistics issues New bio-products for wood energy Bioenergy hub developments Biomass boiler innovations EECA perspectives As wood energy markets grow and diversify, industry producers attending this October conference can better understand the needs of their bioenergy customers. This year’s conference offers delegates the choice of two conferences running concurrently in the one place, with a new ‘Bioeconomy Innovations 2025’ programme added for this year only. Special early bird and group rates are available to those attending the event in Rotorua, New Zealand. Registrations can be made directly on the event website. There are a few complimentary places available, courtesy of WIDE Trust. The Wood Industry Development and Education (WIDE) Trust is investing in the education and development of the next generation of leaders. To qualify, you must be under the age of 35 years, not already registered and have not previously received a WIDE Trust place for any past FIEA events. These places will be offered on a first-come/first served basis – by contacting Gordon Thomson (gordon.thomson@innovatek.co.nz / 027 275 8022). More information at https://innovatek.co.nz/event/residues2revenues-2025/

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DEECA is helping return native species such as Wiry Bossiaea, Creeping Grevillea and Wombat Bush-pea to the forest following the impacts of a severe storm in 2021. The storm impacted 45,000 hectares across the Wombat State Forest and resulted in a vast amount of fallen trees. Source: Timberbiz A mix of threatened native species are being propagated locally and are being re-planted at a selection of storm-damaged sites. “With the help of a local expert, we’ve chosen specific species that we want to thrive in the Wombat State Forest,” said DEECA Grampians Senior Superintendent, Brad Fernando. “Although they might eventually come back on their own, planting seedlings at these sites ensures that species that are special to the Wombat are supported.” The Wombat Bush-pea is almost exclusively found within the Wombat State Forest. “We’ve seen the bush pea returning on its own at some storm-damaged sites, which is fantastic, but this program supports the species’ long-term survival.” The native seedlings have been propagated according to local provenance. This means seeds are collected only from the local area, labelled with the precise location where they were collected, and then planted back in that same spot once they’ve been nurtured into viable seedlings. “For example, Dwarf Silver-wattle only occurs in the core of the forest, so it will only be planted at sites where it is naturally found,” said Mr Fernando. Some of the species currently being propagated include Grevillea repens; Pultenaea reflexifolia (Wombat Bush-pea); Bossiaea cordigera or Wiry Bossiaea; Acacia leprosa, also known as Cinnamon Wattle; and Dwarf Silver-wattle. The propagation supports recovery efforts in the forest, which includes removal of fallen debris in areas that are strategically important to fight potential fires, allowing firefighters and heavy machinery access. Planting native species is done as part of site rehabilitation when necessary. A similar planting program took place following storm recovery debris operations in 2024, with those seedlings showing a promising rate of survival. Wadawurrung Traditional Owners Aboriginal Corporation are undertaking the planting alongside DEECA staff.

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New home building approvals in the 2024/25 financial year were up by 13.9% compared with their 2023/24 trough, according to Australian Bureau of Statistics released for June 2025 covering all states and territories. Source: Timberbiz Detached house approvals increased by 6.1% in the financial year, while multi-unit approvals were up by 27.9%. HIA Senior Economist Tom Devitt said strong population growth, tight labour markets and recovering household incomes helped improve confidence in an increasing number of markets over the past 18 months, led by Western Australia, Queensland and South Australia. “Interest rate cuts from the Reserve Bank in February and May this year, with the expectation of more to come, will help bring more potential homebuyers back to the market in the lagging – and often more expensive – states and territories,” he said. “The challenge will be turning this modest improvement in conditions into the kind of recovery that will meet the Australian Government target of 1.2 million homes over five years. “In the 2024/25 financial year, the first year of the government’s five-year target, Australia approved just 187,330 new homes. Given that some approved projects don’t ever commence construction, the goal of commencing 240,000 homes per year remains a distant goal.” Mr Devitt said that even with lower interest rates, Australia was set to start just 200,000 homes per year, on average, over the next four years. “Multi-unit activity, in particular, needs to do more heavy lifting. Multi-unit commencements need to double from current levels in order to achieve the government’s housing targets,” he said. “This is unlikely to occur under current policies. Labour and land shortages, obstructionist regulations and punitive surcharges on institutional investors have pushed improving sentiment away from apartments back into the detached housing sector. “Sustained improvement in multi-units’ activity will need to come from a reduction in policy burdens on the sector, or a re-acceleration of home prices until new projects are viable against higher policy costs, the latter not boding well for affordability,” concluded Mr Devitt. Total new dwelling approvals in the 2024/25 financial year, in seasonally adjusted terms, increased in Western Australia by 32.3% and South Australia by 28.7%, followed by New South Wales (+16.0%), Queensland (+13.1%) and Victoria (+9.1%). Tasmania declined by 9.9%. In original terms, the Northern Territory increased by 22.5% while the Australian Capital Territory declined by 39.9%.

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This week’s announcement by New Zealand’s Workplace Relations and Safety Minister Brooke van Velden on reviewing the risks associated with Worker Exposure Standards for wood dust and machine guarding has been welcomed by the Wood Products and Manufacturing Association. Source: Timberbiz The proposed changes aim to ensure standards reflect real-world risks and align with international benchmarks. The NZ Government says manufacturers have said that the current rules are unclear and difficult to apply, leading to unnecessary costs and compliance burden. Workplace Relations and Safety Minister Brooke van Velden said the proposed changes aim to ensure standards reflect real-world risks and align with international benchmarks. Manufacturers have said that the current rules are unclear and difficult to apply, leading to unnecessary costs and compliance burden. She said that as an example of the law’s confusion, a business owner told her they got conflicting advice from WorkSafe inspectors on identical machinery guarding in Auckland and Christchurch, deeming the same machine guarding to be compliant in one city but non-compliant in another city. Wood processors and manufacturers also gave feedback that they felt constrained by Workplace Exposure Standards that don’t reflect operational realities or international benchmarks. “Many described the current approach as overly rigid and unclear, with one participant saying the standards are ‘an overreaction to risk which will cripple the industry’.” The Workplace Exposure Standards for soft wood dust, hard wood dust, and welding fumes will be reviewed, with an aim to improve clarity and better align with international standards. “Businesses expressed frustration that the wood dust standard is impractical and not based on realistic risk assessments. They want a system that is both protective and practical, and these changes aim to provide that,” Ms van Velden said. WPMA Chief Executive Mark Ross said the current approach to workplace safety regulations in these areas had been described by WPMA members as inconsistent and therefore unclear. “Some businesses have invested tens of thousands of dollars in equipment and controls but still struggle to comply with standards that don’t align with international benchmarks or practical realities,” he said. “Wood processing businesses have expressed frustration that the softwood dust standard is impractical and not based on realistic risk assessments. They are wanting a system that is both protective and practical, and the changes announced by the Minister aim to provide that,” Mr Ross said. “When our wood processing businesses can focus on managing genuine risks rather than navigating complex and sometimes contradictory regulations, they can operate more efficiently, continue to keep their people safe, and contribute more effectively to our regional economy.” The Wood Processors and Manufacturers Association will be actively engaging with the consultation process and encourages members to participate and share their experiences. As the Minister states, simplifying machine guarding rules and reviewing the Workplace Exposure Standards will make it easier for people to do the right thing, without compromising safety. See: https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/regulatory-relief-manufacturing-sector

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The author considers that current fire management approaches across SE Australia landscapes are failing and, in many cases, have failed. Source: John O’Donnell The current state and federal fire interval approaches focus on individual species, a large number of listed threatened flora and fauna species and communities, reduced fire return frequencies and inadequate assessment of the consequences of not burning. As an example, across NSW, prescribed burning of forested areas has an average of 0.6 % of forests per year over the last seven years. Prescribed burning in most states is at low levels, except for WA.  The graphs in the link article below highlight the value of prescribed burning in reducing bushfire extent across Australian states, the data is over 60 years. The adopted fire regimes and approaches result in widespread high intensity bushfires in these same areas where low intensity fires are restricted, and often result in major bushfire impacts, social and safety impacts, environmental impacts and economic impacts. It is essential that all the impacts and costs of failed and failing fire regimes in SE Australia and associated intense bushfires are assessed to adequately understand the scale of bushfire impacts, social and safety impacts, environmental impacts and economic impacts. This assessment has assessed the impacts of large and intense bushfires across SE Australia. Bushfire disaster impacts across SE Australia are outlined in Sections 2.1 to 2.5. Social and safety bushfire impacts across SE Australia are outlined in Sections 3.1 to 3.7. Environmental bushfire impacts across SE Australia are outlined in Sections 4.1 to 4.15. Economic bushfire impacts across SE Australia are outlined in Sections 5.1 to 5.5. The impacts are across 32 different impact areas, and intense and severe impacts for the majority of them. The scale of the combined impacts is very large.  It’s time for effective action to reduce intense bushfires across SE Australia. It is important that governments at all levels commence adequately addressing these impacts and utilise fire mitigation much better in scale, distribution and funding. Read the full paper here.

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Victoria’s farmers and landowners are being encouraged to take advantage of a new program to plant more trees on their farms – helping to boost timber supply, increase biodiversity and prevent soil erosion. Source: Timberbiz The new program is offering grants of up to $80,000 for landholders to plant trees on their property – providing long term solutions including boosting shade and shelter for livestock, improving stock and crop production, offsetting carbon emissions or generating income through carbon credits. Landholders will also be able to generate additional income through timber production, including from harvested wood products or use the timber for on-farm uses such as firewood and fence posts. Agriculture Minister Ros Spence yesterday launched the Victorian Trees on Farms Program at Parliament House alongside industry members at the Victorian Forest Products Association’s Timber Plantations showcase. An additional grants program – the Trees on Farms Incubator Program – is offering planting service providers and forestry professionals up to $50,000 to support landowners who might be contemplating planting trees on their property. This service will help landowners develop tailored, implementation-ready project plans to align with their property and planting goals, while providing education, training and upskilling for tree planting and management activities. “Victoria’s tree plantations are an essential resource – not only for our state’s biodiversity, but to support our housing pipeline, create regional jobs, and produce paper and packaging products to replace single use plastics,” Ms Spence said. “We’re supporting Victorian farmers and landholders to reap the benefits of planting trees on their farms, including improving grazing outcomes and offsetting carbon emissions.” For more information on the programs, visit www.agriculture.vic.gov.au/trees-on-farms

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As someone who has spent many years working in Australia’s forest industries, including working in a sawmill, processing firewood and representing timber towns, I’m witnessing an entirely preventable crisis unfold across rural Victoria, particularly here in East Gippsland. The Allan Labor Government’s response to our current firewood shortage is fundamentally dishonest. When Environment Minister Steve Dimopoulos claims “firewood is a limited resource with unpredictable availability,” these weasel words are either breathtakingly ignorant or deliberately deceptive. Perhaps the Minister and Member for Oakleigh has such poor understanding of Victoria’s public land estate because the only decent-sized area of greenery in his electorate is a golf course. A little in the way of facts – Australia is the seventh most forested country on the planet. East Gippsland has approximately 74% native forest coverage – we’re surrounded by more timber than most places on Earth. Yet families struggle to heat their homes while contractors truck firewood from interstate. This isn’t a natural shortage, it’s government-manufactured crisis. The problem is straightforward: ideological forest policies driven by the desire for inner city greens preferences deny Gippslanders’ access to abundant resources. The government wound up the timber industry, removed firewood coupes from licensed contractors, and refuses to extend public collection periods despite having clear authority to do so. These policies are now driving illegal and dangerous firewood removal from public land, particularly threatening the small remnants of Red Gum forests that remain from pre-settlement times and that are synonymous with East Gippsland. When legal, sustainable access is denied within common forest types, drastically inflating the price of firewood, people turn to illegal harvesting within these precious ecosystems. Victorian State Government agencies including Victoria Police, the Conservation Regulator, Parks Victoria and Forest Fire Management Victoria have made headlines recently as they prosecute those for illegally harvesting firewood within parks and reserves from all over the state with state Chief conservation regulator Kate Gavens disturbed by the illegal harvesting that is commonplace “We are seeing quite significant amounts of illegal take of firewood, and cutting down trees in State Forest and in National Parks across the state” she reported. Meanwhile, our forests carry dangerous fuel loads and debris that should be harvested for community firewood needs. Instead, it creates fire hazards while families can’t afford heating. Properly regulated native timber harvesting reduces fire risk, maintains forest health, and provides affordable heating. The government acknowledges supply shortages create stress but refuses obvious solutions. The first step is extending firewood collection periods beyond the current restrictive windows of just a few months annually. The government possesses the power to implement these extensions immediately but chooses bureaucratic inaction over community welfare. Year-round access, with appropriate seasonal restrictions during extreme fire danger periods, would provide families with reliable supply while enabling sustainable harvesting rotation across different forest areas. This approach allows forests to recover between harvesting cycles while ensuring continuous community access to essential heating fuel. Secondly, opening additional collection areas would unlock vast tracts of public forest land currently closed to firewood collection despite containing abundant dead timber, storm debris, and material from planned burns. These areas could safely accommodate public access with minimal environmental impact, particularly zones already disturbed by natural events or management activities. Strategic opening of additional zones would distribute harvesting pressure, prevent over-use of current sites, and provide closer access for regional communities currently forced to travel vast distances to reach designated collection points. Finally, returning firewood coupes to licensed contractors would establish a local source of firewood for those that cannot obtain the resource themselves. Commercial contractors with proper licenses understand sustainable harvesting practices, forest regeneration cycles, and environmental compliance requirements developed through years of training and experience. In one of the most forested regions of the seventh most forested country on Earth, families are going cold because city politicians choose ideology over practicality. They’d rather families truck in expensive interstate firewood during a cost-of-living crisis, than allow sustainable low-cost local harvesting. Using sustainably managed native timber is akin to low-impact farming for firewood (amongst the many other products it can be turned into). Local timber harvesting this can be done in a way that keeps our bush healthy. Proper management supports wildlife, helps forests thrive, and makes use of a renewable resource instead of relying on energy-guzzling alternatives. It’s a smart way to manage a part of Victoria’s public land estate. This is another example of the vast disconnect between metropolitan policy makers and rural realities. Those living in Gippsland understand that sustainable harvesting is essential for both forest health and community resilience. The current Government must stop making excuses and start listening to rural communities. Mick Harrington is a third-generation firewood contractor, former executive officer of Forest and Wood Communities Australia and a proud Gippslander.

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